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The Basics with Bonkers - wiki edition
This page or section is currently under construction. Some things may be missing or out of place.
Warning: This wiki adaptation is artistically inferior to the original. For best experience download the original PDF of the guide.
Chapter 1: About the Game
IL-2 Sturmovik: Great Battles is the third generation in a series of IL-2 titles from Russian developer 1CGS. It is the successor to the
original IL-2 Sturmovik/IL-2 Sturmovik: 1946 and IL-2 Sturmovik Cliffs of Dover games, and stands alone as a completely new
game on a new engine, featuring DX11 and VR support. The “Great Battles” title includes a series of modules, or expansion packs,
each based on a different time period, plane set, and theatre of WW2. Beginning with the release of “Battle of Stalingrad” in 2013,
1CGS has developed new expansions on a regular basis, and the current list of modules includes:
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Stalingrad (BoS)
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Moscow (BoM)
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Kuban (BoK)
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Bodenplatte (BoBP)
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Normandy (BoN)
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Flying Circus (FC)
● IL-2 Sturmovik: Tank Crew
Collectively, these modules are referred to as “IL-2 BoX.” Here’s the fun part—they all exist in the same game world! If you own one module, you get to play on ALL of the maps in multiplayer. You can even enter the gunner positions of other players’ planes—you just cannot fly the planes from a module if you do not own it. We’ll talk about the specific maps and planes included in each module in just a moment, but first...a quick word on different ways to purchase the game.
Purchasing the Game: Steam vs 1CGS Web Store
The game is available on both Steam and the 1CGS Web Store, for roughly the same price, depending on sales. Fortunately, 1CGS
has very wisely built an integrated account system, so if you purchase Battle of Stalingrad on Steam, you can then purchase
additional modules straight from the developer’s website. You simply create an account on their site, purchase your module, and
activate the key in your profile. Anything you activate is automatically available in your IL-2 game, on either Steam or standalone.
The game downloads each new module once it’s released, so there are no additional downloads when you purchase new modules.
Should I Buy from Steam or the Developer?
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 Easy to keep track of your games |
100% of your purchase goes to the game developers
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| Fat Steam pipe for faster download speeds |
More sales, more often
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 Valve takes a 30% cut |
New modules are available before they’re on Steam
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| Standard Editions only |
Premium and Standard Editions available
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| Newest modules not available at release |
If you pre-order, 1CGS lets you have planes as they are finished,so you get to fly before the module is officially released
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| Slower downloads
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I suggest you buy the base game on Steam (IL-2 Battle of Stalingrad) and purchase additional modules from the developer. That
way, you can enjoy the fast download speeds and Steam integration, while still supporting the dev. There is zero difference between
the game applications. If you want to buy any of the modules on Steam, you must own a Steam copy of BoS as the base game first.
Premium vs. Standard Edition: What Is This Pay2Win Bullshit?
Each IL-2 module is available as either a Standard Edition (includes the map and 8 planes) or a Premium Edition (includes an
additional 2 collector planes*). During sales, which happen every few months, the Standard Editions are priced as low as $12.49
and the Premium Editions go for as low as $19.99. The brand new modules are about $60 during sales, so it’s worth starting with
the older modules and waiting a few months. The options in the table below will let you be competitive on most servers.
- “What is a collector plane?” you ask in between bouts of heavy breathing. Well, my sweaty-palmed friend, these gems are sold
separately from the Standard Edition game. If you purchase the Premium Edition, some are included with your base plane pack. Do
you need them? Debatable. Are they worth it? Yes, some of them are. Collector planes go on sale for $9.99, $4.99, or less,
depending on how recent the release was. (All prices in table below are average sale prices)
1CGS knows what they’re doing, so collector planes are often the coolest, funkiest, or most desirable planes of the module time
period. That being said, they are not always the best or most competitive planes of the pack, so it’s not necessarily a pay2win
system. Nobody is buying the U-2VS biplane, MC.202 spaghetti monster, Ju 52 flying garbage truck, or the Hs 129 duck because
they want a leg up on you in combat. They are, however, buying some of the other collector planes to do just that (looking at you
La-5, La-5FN, Fw 190 A-3, Fw 190 D-9, Yak-1b, and P-38). Collector planes are available on Steam, as well as the 1CGS Web Store,
so even if you can’t buy a Premium Edition on Steam, you can still buy the Standard Edition + both collector planes to end up with
the same deal.
Which Modules Should I Buy First?
| Best Bang for Your Buck | Ballin’ on a Budget | Burn, Baby, Burn |
|---|---|---|
| BoS Premium $22 | BoS Premium $22 | BoS Premium $22 |
| BoK Standard $12 | BoK Standard $12 | Everything else |
| Example | BoBP Premium $44 | Even Tank Crew |
| Total: $34 | Total: $78 | Total: Just your dignity |
Chapter 2: Modules, Maps, and Planes, Oh My!
Battle of Stalingrad (BoS)
IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Stalingrad is the “base” game of IL-2. If you’re new to the series, it should be your first purchase. It’s got a great plane set that will let you find a plane to fly in the majority of multiplayer games. You might not be super competitive in late war maps, but BoS is the bread and butter of IL-2. The map is set around Stalingrad during the winter of 1942/43, so expect to be cruising around the Volga enjoying late Autumn foliage or the frozen hellscape of a Russian winter.
Soviet |
Axis
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Battle of Moscow (BoM)
IL-2 Sturmovik: Battle of Moscow is the second installment in the series, but it’s actually set earlier in the war, from October 1941 to April 1942. It includes the area around Moscow, in both Autumn and Winter seasons. You get quite a few funky little planes in this module, some of which are quite fun and charming, if lacking in performance (relative to the later war modules).
Soviet |
Axis
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Battle of Kuban (BoK)
Welcome to the beautiful beaches of the Black Sea, lush fields of green, and the rugged peaks of the Caucasus Mountains—Kuban
is arguably the prettiest map in the game. Plus, you get some fantastic planes as part of the Standard Edition. Set in spring of 1943,
you may recognize some of the locations from the Georgia Map in DCS.
Soviet |
Axis
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Battle of Bodenplatte (BoBP)
It’s late war, winter of 1944/1945. Allies are closing in on the meticulously maintained concrete runways of the Luftwaffe in western
Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Welcome to the Jet Age, bitches. It’s about to get fast and deadly up the Rhineland.
Soviet |
Axis
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Battle of Normandy (BoN)
Day of Days is upon us. Fighting over hedgerows and French whorehouses, the action is fast and fierce. Just as the BoS, BoM, and
BoK maps tie into a close-knit series on the Eastern Front, BoN and BoBP are a matched set in the West. Expect a bit of crossover in
terms of planes, with some interesting variants included in Normandy. The map includes beautiful coastal towns and the
opportunity for daring cross-Channel raids.
Soviet |
Axis
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 armament options let you pack some incredible firepower into a fairly nimble platform. | |
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Additional Collector Planes
Soviet |
Axis
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Flying Circus—Volume I (FC)
While not necessarily part of the IL-2 universe, Flying Circus uses the same engine and game features as the rest of the IL-2
modules. You can even fly the planes against each other on the same map, if you so choose. This first installment (expect a
Volume II in the future) is essentially an upgrade to the previous WW1 title, Rise of Flight (RoF). With this new version, we get VR
support, better eye candy, and all the benefits of a modern engine...although we have a somewhat less diverse plane set, as it will
take some time to add all of the options RoF offered. The map features the Arras sector of the Western Front, centered on No
Man’s Land. Overall FC is an incredibly enjoyable experience, and the multiplayer is much more accessible, slow-paced, and relaxing
than WW2—and especially well-suited to cooperative play with friends.
Entente |
Central
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 Spad XIII |
 Albatros D.Va
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 Sopwith Dolphin |
 Fokker Dr.1
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 Sopwith Camel |
 Fokker D.VII
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 RAF S.E.5.a |
 Pfalz D.IIIa
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 Bristol Fighter |
 Halberstadt CL.II.
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Tank Crew—Clash at Prokhorovka
While the IL-2 BoS and BoM owners receive two player-controlled tanks (T-34-76 and PzKpfw III Ausf. L) that can take part in
combined operations with planes, 1CGS decided to release a separate tank-focused module as well. This module features a
smaller, high-fidelity map ideal for tank warfare. Prokhorovka offers detailed buildings, well-placed roads, and forests that make for
interesting tank combat. Although this module isn’t the main focus of the IL-2 series, it’s a nice addition for anyone who’s looking
for a more immersive combat experience. Player-controlled tanks, with visible tank crew, detailed interiors, and full support for VR,
include the T-34-76, KV-1s, M4A2, SU-122, SU-152, PzKpfw III Ausf.M, PzKpfw IV Ausf.G, PzKpfw V Ausf.D, PzKpfw VI Ausf.H1, and
Sd. Kfz. 184. More information to come as this module is developed further.
Chapter 3: In a Bind: Setting Up Controls like a Grownup
Nobody enjoys binding their joystick/throttle/pedals/whatever. You’re the one who bought all that shit, idiot. Stick to the default keyboard binds if it bothers you that much. Fortunately, you really only have to create your binds once, and it takes less than 10 minutes. When 1CGS releases new planes, they’ll default to the binds you’ve already made for other planes, so unless you buy a plane with a wacky new engine injection technology, you don’t have to constantly mess with settings.
Before we get started, a few words on the interface. There is no “search” functionality, meaning you can’t press a button on your joystick and have it take you to the bind. There’s a good reason for this: IL-2 lets you bind multiple commands to the same key. This is a wonderful thing. It lets you control all radiators with a single switch, control trim/stabilizer systems on different planes with the same hat, etc. You can see when you have multiple commands bound to the same key by the presence of a small orange square in the bottom right corner of the input field. Mouse over it to see what other commands you have assigned to the key. Here, you can see I’ve bound two joystick buttons to open and close all of my oil and water radiator shutters, inlet cowls, and outlet cowls:
You can also use modifiers to double your binds—but only “approved” modifier keys like Shift, Ctrl, Windows Key, and Alt. For
example, the default keyboard binds for all of the engine controls use these modifiers and the +/- keys next to backspace. Very
handy if you don’t have room to bind all of them to individual HOTAS buttons/axes.
Oh and don’t worry if you’re new to flight sims and don’t know much about cooling systems or trim or what all of this means, we’ll
go over that in the section on The Fundamentals of Flight...for now, we’ll just take care of the binds so you can hop in a plane and
mess around.
First of all, do you have just a joystick or a full HOTAS with pedals, buttonboxes, etc.?
● If you’re only using a joystick, no worries. I still use the default keyboard binds a lot, even in VR. As we go through, just make
note of the keyboard binds and remember them. I’ll point out anything essential that you should have on your joystick
buttons/hats/slider with an asterisk.
● If you have a HOTAS, feel free to set it up however you feel comfortable. I’ve included a default setup here that should let you
fly most planes fairly comfortably, but use your best judgement if you’ll never touch a bomber, etc.
Before you begin binding, skip ahead to the end of this section. There’s a HOTAS diagram with color-coded bind suggestions for each of the different control sections. Let’s start with the most important commands: weapons! From the main menu, click “Settings” and then “Key Mapping.” Using the Controls menu on the left, select “Weapon controls”
If you have a 2-stage trigger, set “Fire weapon group 1” to the first stage, and “Fire all guns*” to the second. If you just have a regular trigger, use “Fire all guns*” and bind “Fire weapon group 2” (your cannons) to a second button on your joystick.
Let’s move right down the line and bind everything you’ll need for the Weapons control section:
● Bomb sight (OK as keyboard bind “V”)
● Drop bombs mode toggle (OK as keyboard bind “Left Win+B”)
● Drop bombs, containers, paratroopers, emit smoke*
● Launch rockets*
● Bomb bay doors toggle (OK as keyboard bind “N”)
● Reload all guns (OK as default “middle mouse button”)
● Change firing position (OK as keyboard bind, used to switch between bomber crew)
● Turret: take/leave control (OK as keyboard bind “T”, used to unlock turret gun)
● Turret: nestle to the gunsight (OK as keyboard bind “Left Shift+T”, used to bring up iron sights)
Okay, that’s it for weapons. Let’s move on to the actual Plane controls. Here’s where it gets confusing for some people. IL-2 puts all
of the binds for buttons and axes for all of the planes together, so you’re going to see a lot of duplicate commands...like Rudder
trim axis and Rudder trim switch left/Rudder trim switch right both have the same key binds. That’s fine. They both do the same
thing! It’s also worth noting that Axis and Allied aircraft obviously have unique systems that may do the same thing, so for example,
a Soviet plane might have Elevator trim, while a German one has an Adjustable stabilizer instead. Bind them both to the same key,
because you’ll never be in a plane that has both!
Moving down the line, let’s bind up your flight controls. For any command that has a positive and a negative input (lever up/down,
wheel left/right, valve open/closed), you’ll obviously have to input two key binds as part of a pair. Think of it like setting an axis,
but with buttons.
● Plane control: pitch*
● Plane control: roll*
● Plane control: yaw*
● Rudder trim (If you know how to trim, bind all this shit. If not, don’t worry about it. I don’t trim for shit.)
● Elevator trim (Can share bind with Adjustable stabilizer)
● Aileron trim
● Adjustable stabilizer (Can share bind with Elevator trim)
● Flaps up*
● Flaps down*
● AirBrakes on/off (OK as keyboard bind, can share bind with Attack siren on/off for maximum drama!)
● Attack siren on/off (OK as keyboard bind, really only used for Stuka)
● Dive recovery system: on/off (OK as keyboard bind unless you dive bomb A LOT)
● Gear up/down*
● Tail wheel lock/unlock* (OK as keyboard bind, some planes have a manual lock, others rely on the position of the joystick)
● Wheel brakes* (Most planes will let you use this in combination with rudder input to use differential braking on the ground)
● Left wheel brakes (Bind if you have pedals/paddle switch you want to use)
● Right wheel brakes (Bind if you have pedals/paddle switch you want to use)
● Canopy open/close* (OK as keyboard bind)
● Navigation lights on/off* (Goons use nav lights as a warning beacon/call for help. Nice to have this bind handy!)
● Cockpit lights on/off
● Eject (OK as keyboard bind, you pussy)
Welcome to Engine controls! You have a few basic ways to murder your engine in IL-2, all of which involve either making it work too
hard or making it work too hot. Sometimes even too cold, if you’re creative. We’ll cover all of that in The Fundamentals of Flight, so
for now, we’ll just make sure all of your shit is hooked up.
If you have a ton of spare buttons, feel free to bind each separate control for your different oil/water radiators and inlet/outlet
cowls. If you don’t—and you want to use the default keyboard binds, that’s absolutely fine...but I highly recommend you also bind a
separate set of keys to open/close EVERYTHING TEMPERATURE RELATED at once. That way, when you hop in a new plane, you
can press one of your two special MAX COOLING KEYS™ and know which systems your plane has. Or if you’re overheating and you
want to get frosty in a hurry, it only takes one press. Okay, buckle up, here we go!
● Engage engines start procedure / Stop engine* (OK as keyboard bind “E”)
● Engines throttle control*
● Engines mixture control*
● Engines superchargers mode switch*
● Engines turbosupercharger control (Bind if you love the P-47)
● Switch engines boost: on/off*
● Propeller RPM control* (Think of this as second in importance only to your throttle)
● Switch propellers pitch control manual/auto (This is handy to have in Axis planes, so you can baby a damaged engine)
● Propellers: high pitch (Same as Propeller RPM control +...bind it the same)
● Propellers: low pitch (Same as Propeller RPM control -...bind it the same)
● Oil radiators shutters control axis*
● He-111, Bf-110 oil radiators: open one step (Same as Oil radiators shutters control axis +...bind it the same)
● He-111, Bf-110 oil radiators: close one step (Same as Oil radiators shutters control axis -...bind it the same)
● Water radiators shutters control axis*
● Bf-109/110, Spitfire water radiator: open (Same as Water radiators shutters control axis +...bind it the same)
● Bf-109/110, Spitfire water radiator: close (Same as Water radiators shutters control axis -...bind it the same)
● Engines inlet cowl shutters control*
● Engines outlet cowl shutters control*
You did it! That was basically the hardest part of the game (except for starting the Me 262). Congratulations! Let’s just finish up the
binds with a few essential commands in the Service and Pilot head controls sections:
● Show/hide mission briefing* (Brings up your map in game)
● Show/hide entire HUD (Not essential, but nice to have if you want to hide chat, etc.)
● VR camera zoom* (Momentary zoom—ONLY for VR. There is no gradual zoom for VR)
● Pilot head: zoom in* (Gradual zoom—ONLY for 2D)
● Pilot head: zoom out* (Gradual zoom—ONLY for 2D)
Note: If you’d like to set curves or a deadzone for your joystick, you can do so by clicking on the grey arrow in the key bind field for
that axis assignment. Unless you have a stick extension or a special setup, default curves should be fine to get started.
Sample T.16000M FCS HOTAS Setup
Chapter 4: The Art and Science of Tweaking (Your Graphics)
Unfortunately, there’s no miracle formula to make you a spotting God, but we can make sure you haven’t fucked up your settings
too much. The big divide here is 2D vs VR, so we’ll go over settings for both.
The devs are constantly upgrading the game and adding new features, so “ideal” graphics settings are a moving target. If you’re the
type to min/max everything, head over to the IL-2 forums and see what people are doing. If you just want a solid base, you can start
here and adjust up as your hardware allows. Resolution, antialiasing, landscape filter, HDR, and sharpen will have the biggest
impact on how the game looks. Below is a fairly standard base setup for 2D that should provide good results.
For VR players, it gets a bit more complicated. You can also adjust pixel density/supersampling to get the eye candy you’re happy
with. Personally, here are the settings I use in VR with an Oculus Rift, a GTX1070, and no supersampling in Steam:
Graphics Options Explained:
To keep the game fair, the devs made plane rendering completely separate from other objects/geography. No matter what
distances/values you select for the options below, it will not affect the distance at which planes are rendered for you. We can,
however, make it easier for you to spot those pixels.
● Shadows quality—Keep it on low or medium. You take a performance hit with no major benefit going higher.
● Mirrors—if you’re having issues, you can improve FPS significantly by keeping this on Simple of Off.
● Distant landscape detail—Exactly what it says. Normal is fine, there’s a performance hit for small returns above that.
● Horizon draw distance—NO IMPACT TO SPOTTING PLANES. This lets you see the geography from high alt.
● Landscape filter—I find spotting planes is easier with “blurred.” Turn this on if you have shimmering.
● Grass quality—You can set this to zero by editing your config file (see note below).
● Clouds quality—This is worth setting on High. You’ll be able to see enemies much easier.
● Antialiasing type—This is a new option in May of 2020. I’m sticking with 4x FXAA, but feel free to experiment.
● Target FPS—Only for 2D users. VR will lock the FPS automatically.
● Dynamic resolution factor—Will lower the quality if you’re having performance issues. Keep at Full, otherwise.
● Antialiasing—In VR, I use this instead of supersampling. I find it cuts down on “jaggies” and doesn’t blur fast-moving planes.
● Gamma correction—Lower values make it easier to spot distant planes in the sky as tiny pixels.
● Full screen—I keep this checked, even in VR. Some users have found it increases FPS significantly.
● Enable VR HMD—Fires up VR automatically.
● SSAO—This will add blur, making it harder to spot planes. Keep it off.
● HDR—I like having this on in VR, but most people keep it off, as it does have a performance impact. It adds contrast.
● Sharpen—Keep this on for spotting.
● Use 4K textures—Keep this on, even if you don’t have a 4K monitor. Apparently it helps with resource availability.
● Distant buildings—I leave this off because I’m hunting for planes, not fucking buildings.
For ADVANCED users (both 2D and VR), you can edit your startup config file (IL-2 Sturmovik Battle of Stalingrad\data\startup.cfg) to
set “bloom_enable = 0” and “grass distance = 0” if those types of things bother you in games.
Chapter 5: The Basics with Bonkers
Now that we’re done with the technical details, we’ll go over some of the more difficult topics in IL-2, all geared towards getting you
in the air and in the fight. If you’re new to flight sims, spend a little time here to shorten the learning curve and make your
multiplayer experience much more enjoyable. Being able to find enemies, hold your own in a fight, and rack up the kills isn’t hard, it
just takes a little bit of practice. There are five basic steps to becoming deadly:
- ) The Fundamentals of Flight—Startup, taxi, takeoff, and engine management fundamentals (fuck landing, you coward)
- ) Gunnery—Being able to land shots on target accurately and consistently
- ) Strategy and Tactics—Knowing when and how to enter and exit a fight, planning where to be on the battlefield, understanding your plane's strengths and weaknesses (and your opponents'), and being able to work with teammates to control the fight
- ) Situational Awareness—The ability to keep track of the fight around you as it's unfolding, knowing where the baddies are and where your friends are (both spotting planes and IDing them), and properly communicating that information to your teammates
- ) Dogfighting—How to get your plane in the right position for a kill, or out of the wrong position when the enemy finds you first
The Fundamentals of Flight
You have to start somewhere, and it’s usually the ground. Don’t worry, even Major Dick Bong had to visit the ground from time to
time. Probably to smoke weed. That dude was an animal. Anyway, let’s get you in a cockpit. I recommend starting out in the LaGG-3
or the Yak-1, as they’re both pretty easy to fly and will get you used to engine management without overwhelming your walnut-sized
brain. Begin with a quick mission against some trucks and trains, where you start from parked on the ground.
Let’s get your plane nice and customized. There are three tabs at the top of the menu on the right: Setup, Paint scheme, and Pilot
stuff. Pilot stuff will let you add a photo of your sweetheart to the cockpit...or a very nice cheat sheet of engine specs:
https://forum.il2sturmovik.com/topic/55201-pilots-notes-for-cockpit-photos/
The Setup tab will let you set fuel levels and gun convergence (Bombers take about 40% fuel, most fighters take between 70 and
100%). Stick with about 300m for gun convergence now. You can adjust it later once you find your sweet spot to engage.
Click the “Modifications” drop down menu on the Setup tab. Select the 23mm cannon (it’s the bee’s knees). Ammo choices on the
right are orange for HE and blue for AP. HE will do a lot more damage to fuselage, while AP will murder pilots and engines. Take the
mixed ammo preset and hit OK. Then click “ACCEPT” in the bottom right and hop into your plane.
Taxi and Takeoff
As you enter the cockpit and move your throttle around, you’ll see some icons on the right side of your screen showing input
position. These are called “technotips” and they’ll help you not break the shit out of your plane.
All right, let’s fire this bitch up!
- Crack your throttle about 15%.
- Open your mixture to 100%.
- Open up all of your radiators. You bound these, remember? The LaGG-3 has oil rads and water rads.
- Press “E” to Engage engines start procedure. You’ll begin to see a lot of technotips as the plane starts up.
Once the engine sputters to life, you’re ready to taxi. I use the term “taxi” very loosely. Everywhere’s a runway during a World War.
Note: In some planes, you’ll have to unlock the tailwheel to taxi easily (Don’t worry, not needed in the LaGG-3). If you’re in a new
plane, press your Tail wheel lock/unlock bind (Bf 109) or move the joystick forward and back (Fw 190) to see if your plane has a tail
wheel lock. If it does, make sure you use very small throttle inputs while maneuvering or keep your Engine propeller RPM at 50%.
You can ride the wheel brakes and use rudder or use left or right wheel brakes if you need to. Once you’ve aligned for take off,
make sure you roll a few feet straight, then lock your tail wheel with the bind, or by holding the stick back towards you.
- Close your canopy and set your flaps to 20%, if you like. I’m not your boss.
Okay, let’s begin our takeoff roll. Increase your Engine propeller RPM to 100% and throttle up to 100% slowly.
When you apply power, Soviet planes pull to the right, and German planes pull to the left. Compensate with a little bit of opposite
rudder. If you’re having trouble keeping it straight, lower the RPM down to about 60% and make a longer takeoff roll as you ease the
RPM and throttle up. Once you’re in the air, raise your gear and flaps. You did it! Now let’s focus on not breaking that engine.
Engine Management
Engine management is fairly straightforward, but there are a few different types of planes in IL-2, and they have different
automatic/manual operation, as well as cooling systems and superchargers, boost modes, turbosuperchargers, etc.
Here’s a quick overview of inline/radial engines, German/Soviet engine management, and different cooling systems.
Inline engines (Bf 109, LaGG, Yak, etc.) will generally have both water/coolant and oil radiators, each with a set of shutter controls.
Oil radiators are typically small and don’t create much drag, so you can run them at 100%. Water radiators are big, so you only want
to open them as much as you need to.
Radial engines (La-5, La-5FN, i-16, Fw 190, P-47) are big ol’ fatties and rely on massive amounts of airflow to stay cool. They also
have oil radiators as well. The inlet and outlet cowl shutters determine how much air goes in and comes out of the engine area,
respectively. Inlet cowls are small and don’t make much drag, so keep them at 100%. Outlet cowls are enormous and will kill your
speed. Only open them as much as you need to. An important note here is that radial engines need air to stay cool, so you need
speed to move more of that air quickly...but the harder you work the engine, the hotter it gets. Quite the paradox. So stay fast, watch
your speed in a climb, and keep your outlet cowls under 15% whenever you can.
Watch the technotips for warnings about overheating, and keep an eye on your temperature gauges as well. In radials, your cylinder
head temperature is the best indicator of engine health—try to keep it under 215°C. As a general rule in most planes, keep your
water temps under 110°C and your oil under 85°C in the 109s, whereas the Soviet planes can stand a little bit hotter oil up to 110°C.
These are just ballparks, so check that Specification tab on the map screen to see what the real numbers are for your plane. Don’t
come after me because “Bonkers promised I’d be fine at 110°C.” You oil-covered little bitch.
Of course, if you’re a nerd and like technical details, you can read more about operating limits and specifications for all of the
planes here: https://forum.il2sturmovik.com/topic/25993-aircraft-flight-and-technical-specifications-and-operational-details/
You can add many of these engine specs to your plane cockpit with the previously mentioned Pilot Notes mod:
https://forum.il2sturmovik.com/topic/55201-pilots-notes-for-cockpit-photos/
Next up, let’s talk about some of the differences between Axis and Allied aircraft, specifically German vs. Soviet. This is important,
because you should probably pick one side (and one plane) and fly it for a while so you can get comfortable.
German planes are generally very automated. They have automatic pitch control. You move the throttle up, the plane does the math
for propeller pitch settings and how hard the engine should work. Most German planes also automatically control the radiators for
you. Nice! There are a few exceptions (The 190 uses a radial engine and some of them have manual outlet cowl flaps. German
bombers are very manual). All you have to do is NOT run the throttle too high for too long. Using those technotips we talked about
earlier, you’ll see a few different settings, each with a different time limit:
If you open Show/hide mission briefing (default keybind is “O” for Oscar), you’ll see a Specifications tab at the top right of the page.
On this page, you’ll find customized information for whatever plane you’re flying, and it’ll tell you how long you can operate in Climb
mode, Take-off mode, Boost mode, etc. You generally get 30 minutes of climb or combat power and 5 minutes of boost. Take off
mode should not be used for longer than it takes to get your wheels off the ground. These time limits reset after you ease up on
the engine and cruise in continuous for a while.
Note: on planes without automation/constant speed propellers, you have to set the pitch/RPM manually. This means you have to
mix and match the throttle and RPM to get a comfortable load on your engine as you want to speed up or slow down. Try to stay in
“continuous mode” for cruising and “combat or climb mode” when you need to scoot. Check the Specifications tab for different
manifold pressure/throttle and RPM/pitch settings. Below, you can see the effect raising the RPM and throttle have on the engine:
Soviet planes were designed by bureaus who didn’t trust illiterate farmhands as pilots, so a lot of the engines were limited from the
factory. You can run many of them at 100% throttle and 100% RPM all day long, comrade!
Superchargers are a special type of engine function that crams more air into the engine so you can be more efficient at higher
altitudes. On some planes, you can manually switch these on. Again, the Specifications tab will tell you when, but it’s generally in
between 2500 and 3500m for most Soviet planes (Go-go German automation!). Boost is a second type of engine function that lets
you pour that go juice into the engine when you wanna go FAST. Treat boost as you would max throttle/RPM and make sure you
stay under the time limit.
Last up in the ever-riveting saga of engine management is mixture! That’s right, it’s time to bring air and fuel together to make that
beautiful speed... and hopefully not a lot of smoke because the Germans can see that shit from miles away.
Basically, you start out on the ground at 100% mixture. The higher you go, the leaner you want that mixture. But how do you know
what the right setting is? Sure, you can watch the gauges and try to find that sweet spot, but that’s some egghead shit. I have a
better way. Hang outside the cockpit a bit so you can see the flames coming out of the engine exhaust, and lean out the mixture
until the flames start to turn from yellow/orange to pale blue. If poking the old peepers outside your cockpit isn’t an option, you can
also look behind you and lean out the mixture just until your smokey black trail disappears. Be sure to do this with your wingman
as you climb away from your airfield, so nobody spots you on your way to the objective.
Technically, you can run at 100% mixture all day (just like you can run with your radiator/cowl shutters 100% open all the time),
you’ll just be smokey as hell, down on power, and very fuel inefficient. If you wanna roll coal, go for it...but if you’re flying next to me,
I will use you as bait.
Note: the leaner your mix, the hotter your engine runs. If you’re running a lean mix, keep an eye on your cylinder temps.
I hear you. This mixture deal sucks dong. Good news! Some of the planes have an “auto mixture” setting, where you select a
specific, magical percentage and the plane will automatically adjust mixture for you—all the way from the ground to the service
ceiling. Those planes and values are as follows:
- P-40 (33% mixture = auto lean, 66% = auto rich)
- MiG-3 (50% mixture = full auto)
- i-16 (100% mixture = full auto)
- IL-2 (50% mixture = full auto)
- Spitfire (100% mixture = auto rich, 0% = auto lean)
- La-5 (100% mixture = full auto)